If you are into programming, you may have come across this word. Now if you are wondering what exactly OOP is, then fear not jawaab24X7 will clear all your doubts about OOP. OOP aka Object-oriented programming, is a programming paradigm which focuses on the concept that combines a group of data attributes with functions or methods into a unit called an “object”. The main objective of object-oriented programming is to implement real-world entities, for example, object, classes, abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism and encapsulation.
A lot of the most popular programming languages such as C++, Java, Python, etc. are multi-paradigm and they support object-oriented programming to some level. Other programming languages which support OOP are: Java, C++, C#, Python, R, PHP, Visual Basic.NET, JavaScript, Ruby, Perl, SIMSCRIPT, Object Pascal, Objective-C, Dart, Swift, Scala, Kotlin, Common Lisp, MATLAB, and Smalltalk.
It is one of the fundamental concepts in OOP. Encapsulation is derived from the word “encapsulate” which means to enclose something. It describes the idea of binding together the data and the functions that manipulate them. Real life example of encapsulation is a capsule which is mixed with several medicines.
Data Abstraction is one of the most essential and important features of OOP that shows only the essential attributes and hides the unnecessary information. This helps the user to implement more complex logic on top of the provided abstraction without regard of all the hidden complexity.
This is also one of the most important features of OOP. It is the mechanism in which one class inherits the attributes and methods of another class. Parent class is the class whose properties and attributes are inherited. And the class that inherits the properties and methods is called the child class. It helps in reusing the code and establish a relationship between different classes.
This is one of the core concepts of OOP which is a process of representing one form in multiple forms. With the help of Polymorphism, a message is sent to multiple class objects, and every object responds appropriately according to the properties of the class. Polymorphism is derived from the Greek language, the word “poly” means many and the word “morphs” means forms. So finally Polymorphism means many forms.